Overview
BPC-157 (Body Protection Compound-157) is a synthetic pentadecapeptide consisting of 15 amino acids, originally isolated from human gastric juice. First characterized at the University of Zagreb in the early 1990s, this compound has demonstrated remarkable stability across a wide range of physiological conditions — surviving gastric acid, extreme pH, and enzymatic degradation without losing biological activity.
TB-500 is the synthetic version of Thymosin Beta-4, a 43-amino acid protein found in virtually all mammalian cell types. Originally identified in the thymus gland, TB-4 plays a central role in actin polymerization, cell migration, and tissue regeneration. When combined with BPC-157, the two compounds exhibit synergistic effects on connective tissue repair.
This combination represents one of the most extensively studied peptide stacks in regenerative medicine research, with over 100 published preclinical studies exploring applications in tendon healing, muscle repair, and gastrointestinal protection.
Mechanism of Action
At the molecular level, BPC-157 operates through multiple converging pathways. It activates the FAK-paxillin signaling cascade, which is essential for cell adhesion, spreading, and migration — processes fundamental to wound repair. The compound also upregulates growth factors including VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor), EGF (epidermal growth factor), and FGF-2 (fibroblast growth factor-2), creating a pro-regenerative microenvironment.
A particularly notable feature of BPC-157 is its bidirectional modulation of the nitric oxide (NO) system. Rather than simply increasing or decreasing NO production, BPC-157 normalizes the NO pathway — counteracting both NO-excess and NO-depletion states. This homeostatic action extends to the dopaminergic system, where BPC-157 has demonstrated the ability to counteract dopamine overload while also protecting against dopamine-depleting agents.
TB-500 complements these actions through its primary role in actin regulation. By sequestering G-actin monomers and promoting their controlled polymerization into F-actin, TB-500 enables the cytoskeletal reorganization necessary for cell migration to wound sites. Additionally, TB-500 downregulates inflammatory cytokines including NF-κB, reducing excessive inflammatory responses that can impair healing.
Research Areas
- Tendon and ligament repair acceleration in preclinical models
- Gastrointestinal cytoprotection and mucosal healing
- Muscle fiber regeneration following injury
- Angiogenesis promotion via VEGF upregulation
- Neuroprotective effects in CNS injury models
Compound Specifications
| CAS Number | 137525-51-0 · 107761-42-2 |
| Purity | ≥99% HPLC-MS verified |
| Storage | −20 °C, protect from light. ≥24 months. |
| Category | Tissue Remodeling |
| Price | €94 |
| Format | 20mg lyophilised |
Available Formats
- 5mg vial
- 10mg vial
- 20mg vial (stack)
Dissolution
Use our dilution calculator for precise concentration calculations.